Obstacles like weirs, watermills and locks are a barrier for migratory fish in our watercourses. The fact that specific fish species cannot reach their optimal spawning habitat, can have severe consequences for the survival of these species. Although much numerous fish passes have been designed to solve this problem, these fish passes don’t always work optimal. More insight into fish behavior is needed to improve fish pass efficiency, and acoustic telemetry allows such detailed observation of spatio-temporal migration patterns. We present novel findings on fish behavior at anthropogenic structures based on acoustic telemetry. The impact of several constructions like sluices, weirs, pumping stations and small-scale hydropower plants will be assessed and potential solutions to enhance fish migration at these structures will be discussed. This approach will allow to identify crucial information needs for effective fish passage management and reveals a promising range of opportunities for fish passage research.